(CNN) — Ray Charles, the innovative singer and pianist whose combinations of blues and gospel pioneered soul music and earned him the nickname “the Genius,” has died. He was 73.
Charles died at 11:35 a.m. (2:35 p.m. ET), in Beverly Hills, California, his publicist said. The cause was of complications from liver disease.
Charles was a towering figure in pop music history. The term “genius” came from Frank Sinatra — no slouch in the singing department himself — and others called him “the greatest pop singer of his generation” and “a true American musical original.”
It was Charles’ blending of gospel and blues music on the 1954 recording of “I Got a Woman” — created at a small radio station studio in Atlanta, Georgia — which is often credited as the beginning of soul music.
But Charles was never one to pay attention to musical boundaries. Born in the Deep South, raised on gospel, blues, country, jazz and big band, he forged these disparate styles into something all his own.
“His sound was stunning — it was the blues, it was R&B, it was gospel, it was swing — it was all the stuff I was listening to before that but rolled into one amazing, soulful thing,” singer Van Morrison told Rolling Stone magazine in April.
Charles won 12 Grammy awards, including the award for best R&B recording three consecutive years (“Hit the Road Jack,” “I Can’t Stop Loving You” and “Busted”). His version of Hoagy Carmichael’s “Georgia On My Mind” was named the Georgia state song in 1979, and he lent his gravelly voice to songs ranging from “America the Beautiful” to “Makin’ Whoopee” to the 1985 all-star recording of “We Are the World.”
“I was born with music inside me. That’s the only explanation I know of,” Charles said in his 1978 autobiography, “Brother Ray.” “Music was one of my parts … like my blood. It was a force already with me when I arrived on the scene. It was a necessity for me, like food or water.”